The vitality of the Hellenistic Bactrian school was sapped in the days of the Scytho-Parthians. They did not blindly follow Indo-Greek representation in their coins, but they represented several new iconographic traits. Here one may discern the influence of local practice of pre-Greek origin and the impact of steppe nomadic Scythian art, in which animal forms served as important motifs. After the conquest of Bactria by Sakas in 135 BC, there must have been considerable intercourse sometimes of a friendly, sometimes hostile character between them and the Parthians in the neighbourhood. This may account for the Parthian influence which appears in their coinage, particularly Basileos Basileon, "King of Kings" following the example of the Arsacid dynasty.
The wide eyes of the figures shows parallels in the Parthian sculpture of Palmyra and Syria. The frontality of figure treatment is well characterized in the coin type of Azilises. The stylistic treatment of Gajalakshmi on the coins of the same ruler closely follows the Mathura idiom. The heavy breasts and hips of the goddess, general appearance can be compared to that of votive tablet found in the Mathura region. It is very clear that that these coinage reveals the influences of Hellenistic (Bactrian), Parthian (Iranian), nomadic (Scythian) and also the Mathura school of art. There is a brief discontinuity of representation of busts in the mints of Vonones group and Azes group. The system of representing busts like that of Indo-Greek coinage was revived by the Parthian rulers Orthagnes, Gondophares and their successors Sases, Pakores, Sanabares-II,.... These coin busts closely follow in their treatment of hair, headband and drapery, the royal figures displayed on the imperial Parthian coins.
LAST UPDATED 1st Nov 2001
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